Mihail Zoshchenko
Pered voskhodom solnca
Unabridged
11 hours 23 minutes
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Mihail Zoshchenko, kotorogo mnogie znayut tol'ko kak pisatelya-satirika, sozdal odnu iz samyh znachimyh knig na grani mezhdu hudozhestvennym i nauchnym issledovaniem chelovecheskoy psihiki. Iz-za chego lyudi poroy nevynosimo stradayut, kogda ob'ektivnoy prichiny vrode by net? Segodnya vse znayut slovo «depressiya», no v pervoy polovine XX veka nauke bylo izvestno gorazdo men'she. Za mnogo desyatiletiy do buma populyarnoy psihologii Mihail Zoshchenko zainteresovalsya nauchnym metodom Ivana Pavlova, fiziologa i sozdatelya nauki o vysshey nervnoy deyatel'nosti. On popytalsya postavit' eksperiment na samom sebe: preodolet' sobstvennuyu strashnuyu bolezn', kotoraya presledovala Zoshchenko s podrostkovogo vozrasta. V avtobiograficheskoy povesti «Pered voskhodom solnca» avtor perebiraet dramatichnye vospominaniya svoih rannih let, pytayas' ponyat', chto imenno povredilo ego psihiku, issleduet prirodu chelovecheskogo stradaniya i rasskazyvaet, kak iskal sposob pobedit' strahi i vzyat' pod kontrol' razum i chuvstva. Pervye dve chasti povesti byli opublikovany v zhurnale «Oktyabr'» v 1943 godu, no dal'she ne propustila cenzura, i pisatel' podvergsya obshchestvennoy travle i goneniyam. V sovetskoy presse povest' zakleymili «vrednoy» i razgromili za to, chto Zoshchenko pishet o «melkoy vozne sub'ektivnyh chuvstv» — o tekh samyh glubinah nashego podsoznaniya, puteshestviya po kotorym tak interesny sovremennomu cheloveku.
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